Albert Einstein - Fridge and Physics - Formula E = mc2 - Nobel Laureate

Albert  Einstein -  Fridge and Physics – Formula   E = mc2 – Nobel Laureate

Dr. Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein best known for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation"), he received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".  The latter was pivotal in establishing quantum theory.

While writing this Blog, it rushes to my memory how the Refrigerator was co-invented by Albert Einstein and its influence in modern lifestyle.

I can’t think of a life without a Refrigerator.  In this sizzling hot summer in a tropical country like India, what a relief to own a Refrigerator or Fridge as it is popularly known  -  the germ free food storage ice box with thermally insulated body and with a compressor has become a common household appliance now.  The Home Refrigerator was invented in 1930.  Before inventing Refrigerator for a Century and half ice-box was in use.  The days I remember when we used to enjoy a one-day picnic,  a thermo-flask and an ice box was one of those items we could have ill afford to give a miss.   

                           

Albert Einstein co-invented with Leo Szilard in 1930 the good green technology Refrigerator. Their patents were later on acquired by the Swedish company Electrolux. This has paved way for modernization and led to the modern frost free models of refrigerators. 

Godrej Brand is the most trusted household brand of Refrigerators in India.

I have tried to highlight one of the most commonly used household appliance, the Refrigerator to identify the tastes and relate with the common man and to reach the threshold of popularity with the masses.   However, Albert Einstein’s contribution to Physics is invaluable and modern science is hugely indebted to him.

Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist.  Einstein greatly influenced the Philosophy of Science.  He developed general theory of relativity one of the two pillars of modern physics.

Albert Einstein developed the special and general theories of relativity.   In 1921, he won the Nobel Prize for physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.  Einstein is generally considered the most influential physicist of the 20th century.  In 1905 he obtained doctors degree.

                                            

Albert Einstein with India’s first Nobel Laureate  Rabindranath Tagore.

 Albert Einstein professed his faith in Science, Philosophy and Physics.

 

                               
 Albert Einstein is world’s one of the most favorite genius.

There are a large number of brainy quotes by Albert Einstein.  I am trying to register here a few of them.

“Intellectual growth should commence at birth and cease only at death” - Albert Einstein.

 A  brief  biography  -

 Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879.  Albert Einstein was born as the first child of the Jewish couple Hermann and Pauline Einstein.  Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium.  Albert had a sister Maria with pet name  “Maja” in 1881. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Zurich by 1909.   In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he accepted a position as technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office.

Albert and his sister  "Maja". 


Einstein's gifts inevitably resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation, music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in 1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa Löwenthal, who died in 1936.

During his stay at the Patent Office, and in his spare time, he produced much of his remarkable work and in 1908 his first paper on Special Relativity Theory, also published in 1905, changed the world. After the rise of the Nazi party, Einstein made Princeton his permanent home, becoming a U.S. citizen in 1940. Einstein, a pacifist during World War I, stayed a firm proponent of social justice and responsibility. He chaired the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists, which organized to alert the public to the dangers of atomic warfare.

Near the beginning of his career, Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. This led to the development of his special theory of relativity. He realized, however, that the principle of relativity could also be extended to gravitational fields, and with his subsequent theory of gravitation in 1916, he published a paper on general relativity. He continued to deal with problems of statistical mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle theory and the motion of molecules. He also investigated the thermal properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of light. In 1917, Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to model the large-scale structure of the universe.

His 1905 paper explaining the photoelectric effect, the basis of electronics, earned him the Nobel Prize in 1921.

“The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination” – Albert Einstein.

He was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and did not go back to Germany. On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential development of "extremely powerful bombs of a new type" and recommending that the U.S. begin similar research. This eventually led to what would become the Manhattan Project. Einstein supported defending the Allied forces, but largely denounced the idea of using the newly discovered nuclear fission as a weapon. Later, with Bertrand Russell, Einstein signed the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, which highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons.  In 1946 he proposed a world government in which he saw the only way to achieve continuous peace.

In his early days in Berlin, Einstein postulated that the correct interpretation of the special theory of relativity must also furnish a theory of gravitation and in 1916 he published his paper on the general theory of relativity. During this time he also contributed to the problems of the theory of radiation and statistical mechanics.

In the 1920's, Einstein embarked on the construction of unified field theories, although he continued to work on the probabilistic interpretation of quantum theory, and he persevered with this work in America. He contributed to statistical mechanics by his development of the quantum theory of a monatomic gas and he has also accomplished valuable work in connection with atomic transition probabilities and relativistic cosmology.

After his retirement he continued to work towards the unification of the basic concepts of physics, taking the opposite approach, geometrisation, to the majority of physicists.

Einstein’s passion for music –

Albert Einstein enjoyed classical music and played violin and piano.  

       

Einstein developed an appreciation of music at an early age. His mother played the piano reasonably well and wanted her son to learn the violin, not only to instill in him a love of music but also to help him assimilate into German culture.  When he turned 13 he discovered the violin sonatas of Mozart, whereupon "Einstein fell in love" with Mozart's music and studied music more willingly.  At age 17, he was heard by a school examiner in Aarau as he played Beethoven's violin sonatas, the examiner stating afterward that his playing was "remarkable and revealing of 'great insight'.

The UNESCO Albert Einstein Medal is awarded to outstanding scientific personalities who made a great contribution to science and international scientific cooperation. The medal was established by UNESCO to celebrate the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein in 1979. The medal is awarded in gold, silver and bronze.

“Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value” – Albert Einstein.

Albert Einstein Award  -

The Albert Einstein Award  was an award in theoretical physics that was established to recognize high achievement in the natural sciences.  It was first awarded in 1951 and an addition to a gold medal of Einstein by sculptor Gilroy Roberts, it also included a prize money of $15,000.  Our contemporary, the living Legend and Genius Stephen Hawking was the recipient of the Albert Einstein Award in 1978.  Stephen William Hawking is a British Theoretical Physicist and Cosmologist.  The movie, “Theory of Everything” based on the life of Stephen Hawking was a major Hollywood blockbuster and an academy award winner for best actor in 2014.  The film also won BAFTA and Golden Globe Awards.

Albert Einstein gained numerous awards in recognition of his work, including the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London in 1925, and the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1935 (Franklin D. Roosevelt was former American President).

“It is supreme art of the teacher to awaken joy in creative expression and knowledge” – Albert Einstein.

Albert Einstein died at the age of 76 years in April 18, 1955.  He was in Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America at the time of his death. 

Albert Einstein’s Brain  -
  
The brain of physicist Albert Einstein has been a subject of much research and speculation. 

 

When Albert Einstein died in New Jersey, pathologist Thomas Harvey, MD, autopsied the body and removed Einstein’s brain without the family’s permission.   Dr. Harvey eventually received permission to keep the brain, but only on the condition that it be used for scientific research.  Harvey dissected the brain into 240 blocks and made 1,000 microscopic slides of the brain tissue. Dr. Harvey sent pieces of the brain to researchers all over the world.

Einstein's brain was removed within seven and a half hours of his death. The brain has attracted attention because of Einstein's reputation as one of the foremost geniuses of the 20th century, and apparent regularities or irregularities in the brain have been used to support various ideas about correlations in neuroanatomy with general or mathematical intelligence. Scientific studies have suggested that regions involved in speech and language are smaller, while regions involved with numerical and spatial processing are larger. Other studies have suggested an increased number of glial cells in Einstein's brain.

Scientists who have examined his brain have concluded that it is not normal. While Einstein’s brain weighs less than the brain of an average adult male, 2.7lbs versus 3 lbs, the inferior parietal region of the brain is 15% larger than in an average brain. Some scientists think that the brain lacks an anatomical crevice called the Sylvian fissure.  Despite these observations, the source of Einstein’s genius remains a mystery.

Dr. Harvey eventually donated the remainder of Einstein’s brain to the pathology department at Princeton Hospital. 

Sixty years after the great scientist's death, his grey matter is on display    and  the only place to see
Albert Einstein’s brain is in Mutter Museum, Philadelphia, United States.  Mutter Museum is one of America’s most interesting Medical Museum.

Today, the Mütter Museum is also one of Philadelphia’s most popular tourist attractions.

Albert Einstein with Charlie Chaplin during

The Hollywood premiere of City Lights in 1931

Einstein has been the subject of or inspiration for many novels, films, plays, and works of music.  He is a favorite model for depictions of mad scientists and absent-minded professors; his expressive face and distinctive hairstyle have been widely copied and exaggerated. Time magazine's Frederic Golden wrote that Einstein was "a cartoonist's dream come true".

Today, the practical applications of Einstein’s theories include the development of the television, remote control devices, automatic door openers, lasers, and DVD-players.

Recognized as TIME magazine’s “Person of the Century” in 1999, Einstein’s intellect, coupled his strong passion for social justice and dedication to pacifism, left the world with infinite knowledge and pioneering moral leadership.

Albert Einstein is the protagonist of peace and much loved son of the soil of mother earth who transformed the way of life of the modern world and one of the twentieth century’s greatest find.